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一个用 Common Lisp 写的 jq 替代品

发布于 2025-03-06 标签: lisp, programming 标题说明了一切，我非常不喜欢 jq 复杂、难以记忆的 ad hoc DSL，它瞬间加入了 CMake 和 gnuplot 的行列，占据了我内心的痛苦之地。它真的应该是一个库，并用一个广为人知的脚本语言（比如 Python）的 eval 函数做一个 CLI 包装器。

而且我不是唯一一个抱怨这个问题的人，但它就是占领了市场份额，因此在任何软件包仓库中都很容易找到（有时甚至预装），并且在网络上拥有最多的复制粘贴素材。它之所以胜出，原因很常见：当时缺乏强大的竞争对手，有足够的灵活性来通过足够的痛苦和努力来管理大多数任务，以及现在的惯性。

但是，我已经达到了我的“受够了！”的地步，并决定像 VapourSynth 或 waf 那样，用我所知道和喜爱的语言：CL 来替换它。

目前，cljq 只是一个非常简陋的管道，它将 JSON（argv 或 stdin）解析为一个变量 $, 用 eval 执行任意 CL 形式，并将结果序列化到 stdout（使用 [jzon](https://world-playground-deceit.net/blog/2025/03/https:/github.com/Zulu-Inuoe/jzon））。但在我看来，受 JSONPath 启发的查询运算符 ? 已经是一种改进：

$ json='{"root": {"a": [0, 1], "b": [2, 3]}}'
$ echo "$json" | jq '.root | map(.[1])'
[
 1,
 3
]
$ echo "$json" | cljq '(? $ "root" * 1)'
[
 1,
 3
]

这是一个 JSONPath <=> ? 的小对照表（使用上述 RFC 中的一些示例）：

JSONPath| cljq 的 ? ---|--- $.store.book[*].author| (? $ "store" "book" * "author") $..author| (? $ ** "author") $.store.*| (? $ "store" *) `$.store..price